GLAM
Currently this is a scratchpad for referencing known uses of CC licensing and material in the GLAM sector:Galleries,Libraries,Archives, andMuseums. Please add to the list and turn compelling uses intoCase Studies.
Contents
- 1Galleries
- 2Libraries
- 2.1Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford
- 2.2British Library
- 2.3Canadian University Libraries
- 2.4Cologne-based Libraries
- 2.5Europeana
- 2.6Finnish Libraries
- 2.7Fundamental Scientific Library of the National Academy of Science of Armenia
- 2.8Harvard Library
- 2.9Hood River County Library District
- 2.10Land Library of Saxony - State and University Library Dresden
- 2.11Library of Congress
- 2.12Library, London School of Economics (British Library of Political and Economic Science)
- 2.13National Library of Australia
- 2.14National Library of New Zealand
- 2.15New York Public Library
- 2.16Open Library
- 2.17State Library of Queensland
- 2.18Swedish National Library
- 2.19University of California Santa Cruz Library
- 2.20University of Michigan Library
- 2.21Villanova University Digital Library
- 3Archives
- 4Museums
- 4.1Amsterdam Historical Museum
- 4.2Brooklyn Museum
- 4.3MoMA
- 4.4National Historical Museum, Sweden
- 4.5Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum
- 4.6National September 11 Memorial Museum
- 4.7Participatory Museum
- 4.8Powerhouse Museum
- 4.9The Rijksmuseum
- 4.10Smithsonian Cooper-Hewitt
- 4.11Statens Museum for Kunst
- 4.12Tropenmuseum
- 4.13Walter Art Museum
- 4.14York Museums Trust
- 4.15Te Papa Tongarewa: The Museum of New Zealand
- 4.16Wikipedia Loves Art
- 5Institutions using licenses for materials that should be marked as in the public domain
- 6Additional resources
- 7In the news
Galleries
National Gallery of Denmark - Statens Museum for Kunst
SMK (Statens Museum for Kunst), The National Gallery of Denmark, has released digital images of 160 highlights, and 100 educational videos on YouTube under the CC BY license. The 160 images and 100 videos are also featured in the Google Art Project. The artworks are free of copyright, but the digital images of them have so far been under copyright restrictions.
National Portrait Gallery
National Portrait Gallery in the UK hasaddedthe CC BY-NC-ND license to its images of portraits. Example:http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/use-this-image.php?mkey=mw02079.
Tate Gallery
Tate Gallery data set under CC0:http://www.tate.org.uk/about/our-work/digital/collection-data
Libraries
Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford
Through the Polonsky Foundation Digitization Project, "The images of the Bodleian’s collections included on this site, and linked to via the image viewing interface, may be used for personal and non-commercial purposes under the terms of the UK Creative Commons ‘Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0’ Licence (CC-BY-NC-SA)." More info:http://bav.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/legal
British Library
The British Library released a large set of their bibliographic data into the public domain via the CC0 public domain dedication. This set is from the British National Bibliography, which contains data on publishing activity from the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland since 1950, and comprises 20% of the entire British Library catalog. The dataset currently consists of 3 million individual records.
Canadian University Libraries
Anecdotal evidence suggests that some University libraries offer Creative Commons licensing options in their Institutional Repositories. More research is required in this field.
Cologne-based Libraries
Allbibliographic data from Cologne-based librariesare available to the public with no known copyright restrictions. Cologne-based libraries who surrendered their copyrights using the CC0 public domain dedication include the University and Public Library of Cologne (USB), the Library of the Academy of Media Arts Cologne, the University Library of the University of Applied Science of Cologne, and the LBZ. The data is currently linked from theNorth Rhine-Westphalian Library Service Center (hbz). For more info, see theblog post.
Europeana
Europeana — Europe’s digital library, museum and archive, and the first major adopter of the Public Domain Mark — has adopted a new Data Exchange Agreement which releases metadata for millions of cultural works into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication.
Finnish Libraries
Several Finnish libraries have opened up their data via the CC BY-SA license:
- http://labs.kirjastot.fi/blog/helsingin-kaupunginkirjasto-avasi-helmet-luettelointitiedot-avoimena-datana
- http://www.kirjastot.fi/fi-FI/ajankohtaista/tiedote/ajankohtaista/varsinais-suomen-kirjastojen-data-avoimeksi
- http://data.kirjastot.fi/data.html
- https://app.e2ma.net/app/view:CampaignPublic/id:1403149.7214447972/rid:48e64615892ac6adde9a4066e88c736c
Fundamental Scientific Library of the National Academy of Science of Armenia
- maintains two open access journals, theArmenian Journal of MathematicsandArmenian Journal of Physics, both of which are under Creative Commons Attribution licences.
Harvard Library
- http://openmetadata.lib.harvard.edu/
- http://isites.harvard.edu/icb/icb.do?keyword=k77982&pageid=icb.page498373
- http://librarycloud.harvard.edu/v1/docs/faq/
Hood River County Library District
This new library district in Oregon, United States, has adopted an intellectual property policy licensing the vast majority of District-produced content under CC BY. The Board of Directors and staff felt this was an appropriate way to maximize the impact of the content produced by this publicly-funded entity.
Land Library of Saxony - State and University Library Dresden
- donated250,000 photographsfrom theirGerman Photo Collection(depicting scenes from German history and daily life) with corresponding captions and metadata toWikicommons- all under Germany’s ported CC BY-SA 3.0 license or in the public domain.
Library of Congress
- Does not exactly use Creative Commons licences, but has been part of the flickr commons project and produced a valuablereporton the benefits of OA to memory institutions(Springer, Michelle, et al. (2008). For the Common Good: The Library of Congress Flickr Pilot Project)
Library, London School of Economics (British Library of Political and Economic Science)
- Digitised content which is available through LSE Digital Library is licensed under Creative Commons where rights in the original permit - according to a publishedpolicy which sets out reasons for adopting CC
- LSE Library also publishes archival photographs ofLSE via Flickr Commons
National Library of Australia
- license a large range of their internal documents/policies under CC, mainly through theirOpen Publishinitiative (seebackground paper)
- encourage donors to use CC as part of theirFlickr-based PictureAustraliainitiative
- incorporate Wikipedia descriptions and crowdsourced text-correction in theirNewspapers Online Australiainitiative (see slideshereandhere)
National Library of New Zealand
- CC-friendly Use and Reuse Policy for collection items:http://natlib.govt.nz/about-us/strategy-and-policy/collection-use-and-reuse-policy; blog post:http://natlib.govt.nz/blog/posts/our-new-use-and-reuse-policy
New York Public Library
- http://www.nypl.org/blog/2014/03/28/open-access-maps
- http://www.nypl.org/help/about-nypl/legal-notices/repository-api
- http://www.nypl.org/research/collections/digital-collections/public-domain
Open Library
State Library of Queensland
- incorporate CC licensed material (and in particular photographs) into their digital storytelling collection
- release large parts of their photo archives under theFlickr Commonsproject.
- also, Queensland museum?
Swedish National Library
The Swedish National Library signed an agreement in September 2011 thatreleasedthe Swedish National Bibliography and authority files into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication.
University of California Santa Cruz Library
The University of California Santa Cruz Library hasadoptedCC BY for all library-produced content. The librarydetailswhat is and is not licensed under CC BY.
University of Michigan Library
The University of Michigan Library has surrendered all copyrights to itsOpen Access bibliographic recordsvia CC0. As of November 17, 2010, the Library released 684,597 bibliographic records into the public domain. The Library also defaults all of its site content under the most open CC license - CC BY.
Villanova University Digital Library
- The majority of their digital collections are available under some form of CC license (exceptions are those items still within copyright). Most are available under CC BY-SA, but some materials from partner institutions use different variations of CC licenses.
- Although not available under CC, the Villanova library has also launched two open source library software packages,VuFind(a library resource portal) andVuDL(digital library administration software), both freely available under a GPL.
Archives
Australian Broadcasting Corporation
- Australian Broadcasting Corporation
- Australia's main public broadcaster has startedreleasing material from its archives under CC BY-NC
Bundesarchiv - the German Federal Archive
- Bundesarchiv - the German Federal Archive
- released 100,000 photographs under CC BY-SA for free reuse on Wikicommons and saw sales of prints of the photographs double (see slideshere)
Collections Council of Australia
- Collections Council of Australia
- has launched the beta of a digital storytelling initiative,Now and Then, that requires contributors to CC license
Internet Archive
Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision
Sound and Vision launchedOpen Images, an open media platform that offers online access to audiovisual archive material to stimulate creative reuse. All media is available under a Creative Commons license. Open Images contains a collection of more than 1,500 videos from the Sound and Vision archives and also welcomes collections from others.
NHK
Japan's Public Broadcasting Company:http://www.slideshare.net/cckslide/cckorea-nhk-creative-library
Staffordshire Hoard
- Staffordshire Hoard
- 2009年7月,一件盎格鲁-撒克逊珍宝在英国伯明翰附近的一块地里被发现。Since mid-September photographs of the items have been on display on flickr:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/finds/sets/72157622378376316/Some photos are under BY-NC, others under BY-NC-SA.
Wikimedia Foundation
Yale Digital Commons
- http://www.economist.com/blogs/babbage/2011/05/public_domain?fsrc=scn/tw/te/bl/theivorytoweropensitstreasurechest
- http://discover.odai.yale.edu/ydc/Search/Results?lookfor=&type=allfields
- http://britishart.yale.edu/collections/search
- http://britishart.yale.edu/collections/using-collections/open-access
Museums
Amsterdam Historical Museum
In March 2010, The Amsterdam Historical Museum (WAAG) released its complete collection online under a CC Attribution-NonCommercial license, allowing the free redistribution and reuse of the collection for noncommercial purposes. This was the first time in the museum's history that its collection has been available to the public. The collection contains over 70,000 objects dating back to the Middle Ages and is updated on a bi-weekly basis.http://www.waag.org/news/67439
Brooklyn Museum
Update: The Brooklyn Museum's text and image collection are now under CC BY.
The Brooklyn Museum has incorporated CC-licensing in a number of ways through out its digital footprint. On a broad level, the museum's image collection is released under a CC Attribution-NonCommercial license, allowing others both share and reuse the images in noncommercial derivative works. Similarly, BM developed an open API that community members can query based on a number of identifiers, including the CC license. Lastly, a remix contest collaboration with Blondie Guitarist Chris Stein saw BM release Stein-produced audio stems under a CC Attribution-NonCommercial-Share Alike license.
- On October 30th, 2009, Brooklyn Museum openedWho Shot Rock & Roll, an exhibition commemorating photographers and their creative role in rock & roll history. To celebrate, the museum has teamed up with Chris Stein for a companion musical project called Who Shot Drums and Bass. Its eight original songs are released under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike license. Brooklyn Museum is asking remixers to download the tracks from its Soundcloud page and remix them for the Who Shot Rock & Roll: Remix! contest.Details on the Brooklyn Museum website.(Info from Creative Commons Blog)
MoMA
MoMA has released itsdatasetwith more than 120,000 records of art works into the public domain using CC0.
National Historical Museum, Sweden
Also known as the Swedish Museum of National Antiquities, the Swedish Historical Museum (Historiska museet) released roughly 63,500 item photographs, 1200 illustrations, and 264,500 scanned catalog cards under a CC license in early 2010 - Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works or Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike depending on medium. Heralded as a first step, Historiska Museet is looking at avenues to continue opening their catalog with less restrictions in the future as they better understand how the public will engage these new resources.
- Historiska museetin Stockholmannouncestheirdigital catalogueunder cc-license, see blogposthere
Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum
The Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum was one of the first major cultural institutions to utilize CC licensing, releasing their classical music podcast The Concert under a CC Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works license in September of 2006. By allowing the free sharing and re-distribution of their podcast, Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum has been able to reach a wide ranging audience with The Concert seeing over one million downloads from over 116 different countries, creating a positive promotional tool for the museum and its classical music program.//www.familygiver.com/weblog/entry/16229
National September 11 Memorial Museum
In December of 2008, the National September 11th Memorial Museum launched its Artist Registry, allowing the public the ability to add their 9/11 inspired works to the museum's collection. The museum allowed users to designate a CC license while uploading, encouraging community submissions in a progressive and socially responsible fashion.//www.familygiver.com/weblog/entry/11433
Participatory Museum
- (http://www.participatorymuseum.org/)
- Book/wiki about how museums can become more interactive with their patrons
- Released CC BY-NC license
- Creator, Nina Simon, is smart and would be good to build copy with
Powerhouse Museum
悉尼Powerhouse博物馆已经将CC授权整合到其多个项目中,包括CC attribution - non - commercial- no Derivative授权照片、每日照片项目,以及PHM的儿童教育项目Play at Powerhouse的可下载资源,该项目遵循Creative Commons attribution - non - commercial- sharealike授权。卡塔尔vs葡萄牙分析In addition, PHM has released object descriptions, production notes, history notes under a CC Attribution-NonCommercial License, similarly releasing factual data (object dimensions, relevant dates, etc.) under a CC Attribution-Share Alike license
- licenseeducational materials and photos under CC licences
- licensetheir collection descriptions under CC BY-NC and their collection data under BY-SA(specifically for reuse on Wikipedia)
- have written papers on thefinancial and other benefits of OA, and posted on crowd-sourceddiscoveriesandreuseas a result
The Rijksmuseum
More info:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GWd2cgYZqqw
Smithsonian Cooper-Hewitt
- //www.familygiver.com/weblog/entry/31853
- http://labs.cooperhewitt.org/2012/releasing-collection-github/
- https://github.com/cooperhewitt/collection
Statens Museum for Kunst
SMK, Statens Museum for Kunst, The National Gallery of Denmark in Copenhagen, has released digital images of 160 highlights, and 100 educational videos on YouTube under the CC BY license. The 160 images and 100 videos are also featured in the Google Art Project. The artworks are free of copyright, but the digital images of them have so far been under copyright restrictions. From now on, they are freely available to our users for any purpose. As a national gallery, we believe that those parts of our collections that are in the Public Domain belong to everyone. With this limited selection of content, we want to test how people use these freely available digital resources in new creative and innovative ways.
Tropenmuseum
- Tropenmuseum
- has collaborated with the local Wikimedia community, to document materials in the museum’s collection (eg through photography) and upload this material to Wikicommons (see slideshere)
- and so have 45 other museums in the Netherlands; the full list is also available on theWiki Loves Art website.
Walter Art Museum
- http://www.medievalists.net/2011/10/04/the-walters-art-museum-removes-copyright-restrictions-from-more-than-10000-images/
- http://art.thewalters.org
York Museums Trust
Released 60,000 images under CC BY-SA or marked with Public Domain Mark:http://www.yorkmuseumstrust.org.uk/collections/.
Te Papa Tongarewa: The Museum of New Zealand
Te Papa has released30,000 high resolution images under either 'no known copyright' or CC-BY-NC-ND licences.
Wikipedia Loves Art
Institutions using licenses for materials that should be marked as in the public domain
- Walters Art Museum
- http://thewalters.org/news/releases/pressdetail.aspx?e_id=385
- http://www.medievalists.net/2011/10/04/the-walters-art-museum-removes-copyright-restrictions-from-more-than-10000-images/
- http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Media_contributed_by_the_Walters_Art_Museum
- https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:Walters_Art_Museum_license
- 2D -https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alfred_Jacob_Miller_-_%22Big_Bowl%22_%28_A_Crow_Chief%29_-_Walters_37194015.jpg
- 3D -https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chinese_-_Camel_-_Walters_492383_-_Profile.jpg
- Public.Resource.org on youtube
- Yale Digital Commons
- http://www.economist.com/blogs/babbage/2011/05/public_domain?fsrc=scn/tw/te/bl/theivorytoweropensitstreasurechest
- http://discover.odai.yale.edu/ydc/Search/Results?lookfor=&type=allfields
- http://britishart.yale.edu/terms/imaging/unrestricted
- http://collections.britishart.yale.edu/vufind/Record/1665914
- National Portrait Gallery
- Smithsonian
- terms of use -http://www.si.edu/Termsofuse
- Cornell Libraries
- White House Flickr account?
- http://www.flickr.com/photos/whitehouse
- U.S. Government Work -http://www.usa.gov/copyright.shtml
- Europeana
- Library of Congress
- http://www.flickr.com/photos/library_of_congress/
- no known copyright restrictions -http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/195_copr.html#noknown
- NASA
- Department of Education
- Flickr: The Commons
Additional resources
Some U.S. museum policies on open access, in order of public launch:
- Los Angeles County Museum of Art Terms of Use Agreement (see its paragraph 1a, “Public Domain High Resolution Image Available”), launched in 2011http://www.lacma.org/about/contact-us/terms-use
- Yale University: Open Access to Digital Representations of Works in the Public Domain from Museum, Library, and Archive Collections, launched in 2011http://ydc2.yale.edu/open-access-collections
- National Gallery of Art (US): Open Access Policy for Images of Works of Art Presumed in the Public Domain, launched in 2012https://images.nga.gov/en/page/openaccess.html
- Davison Art Center, Wesleyan University: DAC Open Access Images Policy, launched in 2012http://www.wesleyan.edu/dac/openaccess
- The Getty Open Content Program, launched in 2013http://www.getty.edu/about/opencontent.html
- 沃尔特斯艺术博物馆——2012年免费发布了超过20000张图片;changed licensing on websitehttp://openglam.org/2013/01/22/walters-art-museum-a-case-study-in-sharing/
Related studies and other resources:
- Simon Tanner, “Reproduction Charging Models & Rights Policy for Digital Images in American Art Museums,” August 2004; Seminal research establishes that museum image sales and licensing activities are rarely (if ever) profitable when overhead costs are taken into accounthttp://www.kdcs.kcl.ac.uk/fileadmin/documents/USMuseum_SimonTanner.pdf
- Sharing is Caring: Openness and Sharing in the Cultural Heritage Sector; Anthology of 18 essays about open content in GLAMs, by Merete Sanderhoff (contributing editor), Curator of Digital Practice at the National Gallery of Denmarkhttp://www.sharingiscaring.smk.dk/en/explore-the-art/free-download-of-artworks/sharing-is-caring/
- Europeana’s Pubic Domain Charter; Excellent document outlines the principles behind the public domain for contributors to Europe’s online cultural aggregatorhttp://pro.europeana.eu/get-involved/europeana-tech/europeana-tech-events/the-europeana-public-domain-charter
- "The Problem with the Yellow Milkmaid"; Interviews and case studies examine the motivations and business models behind open access for cultural materialshttp://pro.europeana.eu/yellow-milkmaid
- Yellow Milkmaid Syndrome Tumblr; Fun way to show why this work is importanthttp://yellowmilkmaidsyndromedot tumblr dot com
- Creative Reuse and Digital Collectionshttp://digitalnz.org/blog/posts/creative-reuse-and-digital-collections
- 关于博物馆公共领域和图像销售和授权活动的参考和引用;From the Smithsonian’s Web and New Media Strategy wiki, a page that lists over 20 useful resources, with quotes and linkshttp://smithsonian-webstrategy.wikispaces.com/Public+Domain+and+Image+Sales+References
- Creative Commons and Cultural Heritage Institutions includes examples of GLAM institutions and how they leverage our licenses and public domain tools;http://www.slideshare.net/janeatcc/cc-cultural-heritage
- Open Knowledge Foundation’s Open GLAM initiative; OpenGLAM is an initiative run by the Open Knowledge Foundation that promotes free and open access to digital cultural heritage held by Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums.http://openglam.org/Twitter: @openglam and #openglam Subscribe to the OpenGLAM mailing list:https://lists.okfn.org/mailman/listinfo/open-glam
- OpenGLAM Principles; 6 principles to be championed by “open” institutions, developed by the Open Knowledge Foundation and community volunteershttp://openglam.org/principles/
- Wikipedia “GLAM-WIKI” conference, April 10-12, 2015, in The Hague, NL;https://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/GLAM-WIKI_2015
- GLAM Outreach Wiki;http://outreach.wikimedia.org/wiki/GLAM
- GLAM WikiProject on GLAM Outreach Wiki;http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:GLAM