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协作、共享、合作是人类进化的动力。有创造力的普通人一直都知道这个事实，最近有一系列新的研究来解释原因。我们天生就喜欢分享。哈佛大学进化动力学教授马丁·诺瓦克称这种行为为“为了生存而相互依偎”——这证明分享不仅仅是一种无私的行为。分享能同时带来持久的好处，为给予者、接受者和整个社区带来成倍的好处。
我们共同创建的在线社区是一个分享的全球平台。如果我们想生活在一个公平、多样化、充满活力、充满惊喜、对每个人都安全的数字世界，我们就必须做出选择。如果这个世界要变得无障碍、公平、充满创新和机会，就需要我们发挥领导作用来培育和捍卫这些理想。创建于2001年的知识共享创造了法卡塔尔vs葡萄牙分析律和技术基础设施，这是我们所知和喜爱的网络的基础。Today, our work goes beyond the ubiquitous CC licenses to foster cooperation and sharing, support collaborative communities, and drive engagement across the spectrum of open knowledge and free culture.
Creative Commons is a global charity, with an powerful affiliate network of researchers, activists, legal, education and policy advocates, and volunteers who serve as CC representatives in over 85 countries. Together, we lead this ever-growing global movement. Whether it’s open education, open data, science, research, music, video, photography, or public policy, we are putting sharing and collaboration at the heart of the Web. In doing so, we are much closer to realizing our vision: unlocking the full potential of the Internet to drive a new era of development, growth, and productivity.
我很自豪地与大家分享我们的2015年公共资源状态报告，我们通过查看CC许可的内容，以及标记为公共领域的内容，来衡量不可估量的公共资源范围，这些内容由CC工具支持的部分组成。我们很自豪能成为平民运动的领导者，我们希望你能加入我们一起庆祝今年我们共同取得的所有成就。
Ryan Merkley
CEO, Creative Commons
@ryanmerkley
CC licensed works have nearly tripled in the last 5 years.
| Total licensed works | Year |
|---|---|
| 140 million | 2006 |
| 400 million | 2010 |
| 882 million | 2014 |
| 1.1 billion | 2015 |
CC and its suite of licenses are the global standard for legal sharing, embedded in major content platforms from Wikimedia to Europeana, and adopted by foundations and governments from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to the White House.
Note: Data includes content licensed with the full CC license suite, along with content marked with CC public domain tools. This is a low bound estimate based on what we could count.Dig into our data sources.
| License/tool | Percentage of works | Free Culture License? |
|---|---|---|
| CC0, Public Domain Mark + retired PD tool | 3% | Yes |
| CC Attribution (CC BY) | 24% | Yes |
| CC Attribution ShareAlike (CC BY SA) | 37% | Yes |
| CC Attributon NoDerivs (CC BY ND) | 2% | No |
| CC Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY NC) | 6% | No |
| CC Attribution Non Commercial ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA) | 14% | No |
| CC Attribution Non Commercial NoDerivs (CC BY NC ND) | 14% | No |
From more open to more restrictive – less restrictive FREE CULTURE licenses allow for both commercial use and adaptations.
注:数据包括使用完整CC许可套件并使用我们的公共域工具标记的内容。Dig into our data sources.
| Year | Retired PD tool | PDM | CC0 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2006 | 3.2 mill. | - | - | 3.2 mill. |
| 2014 | 5.7 mill. | 1.5 mill. | 10.3 mill. | 17.5 mill. |
| 2015 | 10 mill. | 2.6 mill. | 22.3 mill. | 34.9 mill. |
注:数据包括CC0公共领域专用和公共领域标记下的内容，但不包括公共领域内未标记的材料。Dig into our data sources.
= 1 Billion
Note: Data tracks downloads on CC license buttons, or the number of times CC licensed content was viewed on a web page.Dig into our data sources.
Creative Commons is a truly international movement with active communities on every continent (yes, even Antarctica). A significant milestone was the 2013 launch of Version 4.0 and CC’s first official translation policy for internationalizing the license suite. To date, the 4.0 license suite has been officially translated into 7 languages, with 3 more to be published in 2015.
| (العربية)(Arabic) |
| беларускі(Belarusian) |
| Català(Catalan) |
| 中国(Chinese*) |
| hrvatski(Croatian) |
| čeština(Czech) |
| danske(Danish) |
| Nederlands(Dutch) |
| English(English*) |
| Esperanton(Esperanto) |
| suomi(Finnish) |
| français(French*) |
| galego(Galician) |
| Deutsche(German*) |
| ελληνικά(Greek) |
| Magyar(Hungarian) |
| bahasa Indones(Indonesian) |
| italiano(Italian) |
| 日本語(Japanese) |
| 한국어(Korean) |
| Latvijā(Latvian) |
| Lietuvos(Lithuanian) |
| Melayu(Malay) |
| te reo Maori(Maori) |
| norsk(Norwegian) |
| فارسي(Persian/Farsi) |
| polski(Polish) |
| português(Portuguese) |
| Română(Romanian) |
| Русский(Russian) |
| Español(Spanish*) |
| svenska(Swedish) |
| Türk(Turkish) |
| Український(Ukrainian) |
注:数据为2005年1月1日至2015年11月3日CC契约页面总浏览量。*类别包括该语言的变体，以简化。中文包括简体中文和繁体中文。Dig into our data sources.
| Content type | Number of works |
|---|---|
| Images (photos, artworks) | 391 million |
| Open Educational Resources | 76,000 |
| Research (journal articles) | 1.4 million |
| Audio tracks | 4 million |
| Videos | 18.4 million |
| Texts (articles, stories, documents) | 46.9 million |
| Other (multimedia, 3D) | 23,000 |
Note: Data only reflects media on 16 platforms + Directory of Open Access Journals, just a slice of all available CC media on the web.Dig into our data sources.
| Platform | Number of works in the commons |
|---|---|
| Flickr | 356 million photos |
| Bandcamp | 1.95 million tracks |
| Wikipedia | 35.9 million articles |
| YouTube | 13 million videos |
| Jamendo | 496,000 tracks |
| 500px | 661,000 photos |
| Vimeo | 5 million videos |
| Internet Archive | 2 million files |
| FMA | 86,000 tracks |
| Wikimedia Commons | 21.6 million media files |
| Tribe of Noise | 29,000 tracks |
| PLOS | 140,000 articles* |
| Europeana | 20.9 million digital objects |
| Skills Commons | 24,000 career training materials |
| Boundless | 49,000 open educational resources |
| MIT opencourseware | 2,300 courses |
(* Total Open Access articles across the web under CC BY, 675,000; under any CC license 1.3 million)
In 2015, more platforms added CC license options for their users, including Medium and edX, with Flickr adding support for CC0 and the Public Domain Mark. Expect growth on these platforms in 2016.
Note: Data reflects total CC licensed works on each platform, only 16 websites out of millions.Dig into our data sources.
CC is at the very heart of the open education movement; our licenses put the “open” in Open Educational Resources (OER). CC and our open education partners are leading an international OER campaign to make it easy for educators and students around the world to freely share curriculum, textbooks and research at near zero cost. CC is also helping governments add open licensing requirements on publicly funded educational resources.
Countries with legislation, policies, or funder mandates at the national, provincial/state, or institutional level that lead to the creation, increased use, or support for improving OER.
Note: *European Union is a collection of member states but included in this country list for reporting purposes; Data reflects savings for students in Canada and the United States; Data provided by the open education community.Dig into our data sources.
CC continues to lead the way in advocating for major philanthropic foundations to adopt open licensing policies. Foundations can exponentially expand the impact and reach of their grantmaking through a “default open” policy that ensures that all grantees openly license any digital outputs of their work, an important shift that has a tremendous ripple effect.
Creative Commons has fundamentally changed the way the world can share, use, and preserve our cultural heritage now and generations to come.
Creative Commons Affiliate Network includes over 500 researchers, activists, legal, education and policy advocates, and volunteers who serve as CC representatives in over 85 countries. Working alongside non-governmental institutions, universities, and public agencies, CC affiliates employ region-specific approaches to copyright and intellectual property that help solve local and global challenges. CC affiliates impact the growth and quality of the commons across all sectors from education, science, and research, to cultural heritage, data, design, and hardware.
CC affiliates from across the Middle East and North Africa gather in two historic meetings to restructure, build capacity, share best practices, and officially translate the latest version of the CC license suite into Arabic.
Al Jazeera English integrates CC licensed interactive material and infographics from Al Jazeera Labs, including an Arabic translation of the The Data Journalism Handbook.
South Africa publicly releases 17 years of parliamentary files under CC BY, including bills, documents, and audio recordings.
CC African Affiliates and WikiAfrica launch the 2nd annual Wiki Loves Africa campaign successfully crowdsourcing more than 9,000 CC licensed images covering African fashion and design.
分支机构与当地合作伙伴、非洲故事书项目和图书冲刺项目合作，在肯尼亚、乌干达、莱索托和南非以62种非洲语言提供CC授权的儿童图书。
CC Portugal launches a “CC Toolkit for Business” outlining 6 economic benefits of using CC licenses.
CC affiliates across Europe collaborate with national lawmakers to implement the European Union’s Directive on Collective Rights Management. The directive requires collecting societies to allow their members to self-license their works under noncommercial terms, providing CC musicians with more control over how to share and manage their music.
CC Korea在首尔主办了2卡塔尔vs葡萄牙分析015年知识共享全球峰会，以研讨会、座谈会和Kilnam Chon、Julia Reda、Lawrence Lessig等人的特别主题发言为特色。
Chinese speaking affiliates collaborate across cultures and time zones to prepare for the official translation of the 4.0 license suite.
The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York welcomes the CC logo into its permanent collection, featuring it alongside the @ symbol and the International Symbol for Recycling in the exhibit, “This Is for Everyone: Design Experiments for the Common Good.”
Grantees of U.S. Department of Labor’s $2 billion career training program contribute their first round of OER to the Skills Commons platform under CC BY.
CC拉丁美洲的小额赠款项目现已进入第二年，为在萨尔瓦多、哥斯达黎加和巴拉圭启动新的附属项目提供资金，包括为教育机构提供在线资源获取的数字扫描仪;关于中美洲CC主题的免费数字通讯;and a mobile application featuring basic information about CC licenses.
CC Uruguay translates the Open Licensing Policy Toolkit into Spanish to encourage Latin American governments to create, adopt and implement open policies.
这是不寻常的一年，最引人注目的是超过11亿的作品在一个CC许可下，CC0，或公共领域标志。CC许可提供了一个优雅的解决方案;一个解除版权限制的阀门。但它的意义远不止于此:知识共享已经成为我们全球共享的管家，一个由卡塔尔vs葡萄牙分析公开授权的内容组成的宇宙，它有能力激发日常想法，解决全球挑战。我们已经打开了通向免费和开放内容的另一种现实的大门，这是由数百万分享我们价值观的创作者推动的。
但是今天公地面临的关键挑战不是数量，而是可用性、活力和协作。今天的网络是社会化的、相互关联的，它完全改变了我们分享、讲故事和建立社区的方式。虽然创作共用是许多创意和分享的组成部分，但它还没有完全激活我们运动中的内容和创作者。卡塔尔vs葡萄牙分析我们需要我们的贡献者能够相互交流，找到新的内容，提供反馈，提供感谢，获得分析，并围绕他们所创造的内容建立网络。我们需要照亮全球的公地。
We hope you’ll join us and help build a more creative, free, and open commons. Together we’ll be much closer to realizing our vision: unlocking the full potential of the Internet to drive a new era of development, growth, and productivity.
感谢我们的知识共享附属网络，他们每卡塔尔vs葡萄牙分析天不知疲倦地工作，以保护和丰富共享资源。我们也感谢谷歌和许多CC平台、合作伙伴、机构和来自更广泛的开放网络社区的个人，他们为这份报告贡献了必要的数据和信息。简单地说，如果没有你们的宝贵贡献，我们的2015年下议院报告就不可能完成。谢谢你！
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